PHNOM PENH: At least 700 Cambodian children have been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, caused by a lack of insulin or insufficient insulin production by the pancreas, over the past decade. Experts are still uncertain about the exact cause of this surge.

Professor Khun Leang Chhun, Deputy Director of Jayavarman VII Hospital, confirmed on July 1, 2024, that the number of children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at Kantha Bopha Hospital in Phnom Penh and Siem Reap has reached 698. Of these cases, 309 were identified at Kantha Bopha Hospital in Siem Reap Province. Over the past ten years, there has been an annual increase of up to 20 cases, predominantly affecting children aged 4 to 14. Unfortunately, there is currently no cure for diabetes globally.

"Diabetes is a condition characterized by high blood sugar due to insulin resistance and insufficient insulin production," explained Prof. Khun Leang Chhun. He described how the body relies on three main energy sources: protein, fat, and sugar. However, the sugar in diabetic individuals cannot be utilized effectively, necessitating energy conversion from fat, which can lead to various symptoms. The four primary symptoms are excessive eating, weight loss, increased thirst, and frequent urination, with children often exhibiting greater fatigue.

Prof. Khun Leang Chhun emphasized the severity of type 1 diabetes, which manifests when insulin metabolism is entirely disrupted. If not promptly treated, children may fall into a coma or even die. The cornerstone of treatment for type 1 diabetes is insulin administration, which is crucial for managing the condition.